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On the silk brocade that covered the box is written "F. It was probably purchased in Canton by an employee of Robert Waln (1765-1836), a prominent importer from Philadelphia who was in business with China with at least twelve ships trading with Canton between 17. Tangram carved in ivory with its original box purchased in Canton, in 1802 approx.Ī set of Tangram ivory carved pieces was brought to America around 1802. The first known tangram schemes were published in 1813 in the "Complete Book of Tangram Schemes" by Bi Wu Jushi with illustrations by Sang Xia Ke.Ĭover and pages with Tangram diagrams of the book written by Bi Wu Jushi with illustrations by Sang Xia Ke, published in 1813. It is indeed the tangram puzzle that we know today. Photo 5: There are thirteen tables in six different shapesĪ simplified version of butterfly tables appeared around the end of the XVIII century. Ge Shan called them butterfly tables because their angular shapes resembled butterfly wings. There were a total of thirteen tables in the set, and they had six shapes of triangles and trapezoids and different sizes. These were called "butterfly tables" and were described by Ge Shan in his book written in 1617. Huang Bosi's study of banquet tables led to the creation of another more versatile set of tables during the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). Photo 3: Two other combinations for banquets Photo 2: A combination with all seven tables Photo 1: The three dimensions of the banquet tables There were seven tables in the set, and they were made in three different lengths. Many Chinese scholars believe that the roots of Tangram date back to the Northern Song dynasty (960-1127), when the scholar Huang Bosi (1079-1118) invented a set of rectangular tables and a collection of illustrations that showed many possible combinations to arrange these tables, which would have welcomed banquet guests. Around 1817 Tangram was brought to the United States and from there we now know celebrities of the century who were particularly fond of this intelligent game: Lewis Carrol and Edgar Allan Poe. It was later brought to Europe by nineteenth-century English merchants, who had a strong commercial connection to the tea trade with China, the game became very popular at first in England and later in France, Italy, Germany, Holland, Switzerland etc. However, besides legends, there is also a research by Jerry Slocum considered official, which indicates that Tangram was invented in China between 17. The book by the English researcher Sam Loyd, written in 1903, claims that there is a 4000-year-old legend about the Chinese god Tan which describes the creation of the world and the origin of the species in his seven books. There are many stories that describe the origin and age of the game. Thus, taking this legend as a reference, still today the Tangram is often called "the game of wisdom".
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His teacher did not scold him and told him with wise tranquility: "When you know how to assemble these pieces to form the perfect square that was, you will get the wisdom you were looking for in this monastery." The boy ran to his teacher crying and with great regret showed him the pieces, apologizing for the destruction of the gift. The disciple, in transporting the gift to his cell, dropped it and so the plate broke into seven pieces of perfect shape: various triangles, a square and a parallelogram. The boy was assigned to a master who gave him a square ceramic plate. Another legend of unknown age tells a mysterious story that happened in a Chinese monastery where a boy came in one day to learn Buddhism and learn about himself. He understood from this that he no longer needed to travel, because he could represent the beauties of the world with those seven pieces. In an attempt to recompose the square, he formed interesting figures. The disciple, excited, dropped the square, which broke into seven pieces.
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There is a legend about the origin of the game, it says that a monk gave his disciple a square of porcelain and a brush, telling him to travel and paint on the porcelain the beauties he would have encountered on his way.